The use of pseudonyms by writers is as rich and varied as the history of literature itself. Every author has his or her own reason for attributing certain works to a pen name. For example, Stephen King wanted to see if his books would be as successful when written by Richard Bachman. Some authors want to branch out into other genres without jeopardizing their reputations, such as a sci-fi novelist wanting to satisfy his inner Danielle Steel. It’s an attempt to explore a new writing voice with minimal consequence.
However, the adoption of pen names is not always the author’s choice. There was a time when female writers were led to believe that their gender prevented their works from being taken seriously. Though we’ve made great strides in literature (one of the many successes to celebrate during Women’s History Month), that same outdated belief continues to affect women writers. Perhaps recognizing some of the more famous writers who found success after eschewing their male pseudonyms will show that a woman doesn’t need a man’s name to set the literary world ablaze.
1. Joanne Rowling (J.K. Rowling)
Anyone who doubts that there’s still a double standard in the publishing industry doesn’t know his or her Harry Potter history. Rowling was told by her publisher that her series wouldn’t be as popular among boys if it was penned by a woman. She used a set of initials instead (not even her own, since she has no middle name) and as we all know, the Harry Potter books catapulted in popularity even after her gender was revealed.
2. The Brontë Sisters (Ellis, Acton, and Currer Bell)
Emily, Anne, and Charlotte Brontë published a collection of poetry called Poems by Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell. Charlotte explained that their decision was based on a desire to be taken seriously, saying that they “… had a vague impression that authoresses are liable to be looked on with prejudice,” so they chose male pen names. The books of poems failed to generate much interest, but each sister found success with their next ventures published under their real names—Jane Eyre, Agnes Grey, and Wuthering Heights, respectively.
