The origin of syphilis may be unknown but the disease holds an infamous historical background as one of the most notorious sexually transmitted infections in history, and as a widespread problem that chronicles for hundreds of years. Many believe in the Columbian theory that Columbus introduced syphilis to the new world. This had a devastating effect on the indigenous Americans that resided there and caused epidemic amounts of sickness and death for many of their native people. Another belief in the origin of syphilis is the pre-Columbian theory that states the disease is described by Hippocrates in his writings, and has references in the Bible.
In high school, we once watched a movie in American history class about how syphilis was a widespread problem throughout America during the pre World War One era. It was historically educational—similar to the information above, but not very informative about the disease in present day society. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease that many people believe was much more prevalent in the past than in the present. However, with syphilis rates on the rise in the past few years, this is an unfortunate misconception.
According to studies done by the Center for Disease Control (CDC) between the years 2000 and 2004, the rate of syphilis has been on the rise in America. In 2004, syphilis cases increased by a little over 11 percent. And in 2005, the number of cases increased by another 9 percent. Though the rates from 1990 to 2000 decreased significantly, this sudden increase in the past few years is of concern.
The symptoms of syphilis can be confusing since many of them are very similar to other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Syphilis is caused by the bacteria Treponema pallidum and often reveals itself as a sore or legion called a “chancre” in the genital area where there has been sexual contact with a person infected with syphilis. This is the first stage of syphilis. If properly treated in this early stage, it can be cured without much difficulty, but when left untreated for long periods of time, it can affect a person’s entire body. The second stage of syphilis begins between two to ten weeks after the chancre heals. The bacteria may spread through the blood and throughout the body which causes a number of symptoms including:
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